EPBD recast (Directive (EU) 2024/1275)

Article 9 introduces MEPS for non-residential buildings: Member States establish maximum energy-performance thresholds, with the existing non-residential stock above the 16% worst performing buildings to be brought below that threshold by 2030, and the 26% worst-performing threshold by 2033. Article 9(3) requires Member States to set national trajectories for the progressive improvement of the residential building stock, aligned with the 2050 climate-neutrality target, with milestones for 2030, 2040 and 2050 (16% reduction in average primary energy use by 2030; 20-22% reduction by 2035; at least 55% of the reduction from worst-performing buildings).

Article 13 requires Member States to set system requirements in relation to the overall energy performance, the proper installation, and the appropriate dimensioning, adjustment and control of the technical building systems (TBS) installed in existing buildings, namely heating, hot water, cooling, ventilation, large built-in lighting, building automation and control (BACS), on-site renewable energy systems, on-site electricity generation, EV recharging infrastructure, and combinations of the above. Article 13(8) requires non-residential buildings with effective HVAC output over 290 kW to be equipped with BACS by 31 December 2024; over 70 kW by 31 December 2029. Article 13(13) requires residential building automation similarly.

Article 14 requires Member States to ensure the installation of electric-vehicle (EV) recharging points and bicycle parking spaces in non-residential and residential buildings. Non-residential: new and major renovation with more than 5 car parking spaces: at least 1 recharging point per 5 spaces + bicycle parking; existing non-residential with more than 20 car parking spaces: at least 1 recharging point per 10 spaces by 1 January 2027. Residential: new and major renovation with more than 3 car parking spaces: pre-cabling/ducting for 50% + 1 recharging point. Public-sector buildings: heightened requirements.

Article 16 requires Member States to ensure that building owners, tenants and managers can have direct access to their building data via a single secure access point, including data from the technical building systems (Article 13), the EPC databases (Article 22), the renovation passport (Article 12) and any related metering / sub-metering data. Data sharing follows the GDPR for personal data and may follow the Data Act for non-personal data.

Article 19 requires the issue of EPCs in defined cases: construction, sale, new lease (Article 19), with the EPC class shown in property advertisements. Article 19(7) requires Member States to introduce, by 29 May 2026, an A+++ to G scale (where A+++ corresponds to ZEB; A to NZEB; G is the worst performing 15% of national stock). Article 20 governs the issue of EPCs (independent expert; quality assurance; 5- or 10-year validity). Article 21 requires the display of EPCs in buildings over 250 m2 occupied by a public authority and frequently visited by the public, and in commercial premises occupied by businesses and frequently visited by the public. Article 22 requires Member States to set up EPC databases connected to the Building Stock Observatory.

Article 23 requires regular inspections of accessible parts of HVAC systems above defined kW thresholds (heating + combined heating-and-ventilation above 70 kW; air-conditioning + combined air-conditioning-and-ventilation above 70 kW). Inspection covers the efficiency and dimensioning of the system. Article 24 requires inspection reports made available to the building owner.