CHP

GHG Protocol Scope 1 - direct emissions from sources owned or controlled by the company. 4 SUB-CATEGORIES: (1) STATIONARY COMBUSTION - emissions from combustion of fuels in stationary equipment including boilers + furnaces + burners + turbines + heaters + incinerators + engines + flares + ovens + dryers + and other stationary processes; FUELS include natural gas + coal + oil + biomass + biofuels + waste-derived fuels + hydrogen; CALCULATION via fuel consumption x emission factor (IPCC + national + manufacturer + EPA Mandatory Reporting Rule + EEA + others); (2) MOBILE COMBUSTION - emissions from transportation in mobile sources including company-owned/controlled vehicles + trucks + ships + planes + trains + machinery; FUELS include gasoline + diesel + jet kerosene + biofuels + LPG + CNG + LNG + hydrogen; CALCULATION via fuel-based or distance-based methods; (3) PROCESS EMISSIONS - emissions from physical or chemical processes including cement production + iron + steel + ammonia + chemical processes + refrigeration + waste treatment + landfill methane + manure management; CALCULATION via mass-balance + process-specific emission factors; (4) FUGITIVE EMISSIONS - emissions from unintentional releases including refrigerant leaks (HFCs + CFCs + HCFCs + PFCs + SF6 + NF3) + methane leaks (natural gas systems + agriculture) + air conditioning + fire-suppression; CALCULATION via direct measurement + emission factors + leak rates. GHG GASES (Kyoto basket + others): CO2 + CH4 + N2O + HFCs + PFCs + SF6 + NF3; expressed in tCO2e using GWP (Global Warming Potential) from IPCC AR5 (most recent + with AR6 update pipeline).

The organization shall establish, implement, control and maintain the processes needed to meet the environmental management system requirements and to implement the actions determined in clause 6, by establishing operating criteria for the processes and implementing control of the processes in accordance with those criteria; controls can include engineering controls and procedures and can follow a hierarchy such as elimination, substitution and administrative controls. It shall control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate adverse effects as necessary, and shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services relevant to the intended outcomes of the system are controlled or influenced, with the type and extent of control or influence defined within the system. Consistent with a life cycle perspective it shall establish controls as appropriate so that its environmental requirements are addressed in the design and development process for the product or service considering each life cycle stage; determine its environmental requirements for the procurement of products and services as appropriate; communicate its relevant environmental requirements to external providers including contractors; and consider the need to provide information about potential significant environmental impacts associated with the transportation or delivery, use, end-of-life treatment and final disposal of its products and services. The 8.1 processes shall be available as documented information to the extent necessary for confidence that they are carried out as planned.

The organization shall quantify direct emissions separately for CO2, CH4, N2O, NF3, SF6 and other appropriate GHG groups (HFCs, PFCs) in tonnes of CO2e, and should quantify removals.

The organization shall apply and document a process to determine which indirect emissions to include, defining and explaining its own predetermined significance criteria in the light of the intended use (magnitude, influence, access to information, data accuracy; a risk assessment may be used), which should not be used to exclude substantial quantities or evade obligations; it shall identify and evaluate its indirect emissions against those criteria, quantify and report the significant ones, and justify any exclusion of significant indirect emissions; the criteria may be revised periodically with the revisions documented (Annex H).

Direct emissions from electricity generated and exported or distributed by the organization may be reported separately but shall not be deducted from the organization's total direct emissions.

Identify candidate strategies and solutions by the extent to which they meet the requirement to continue and recover prioritized activities within the identified time frames and agreed capacity, protect those activities, reduce the likelihood of disruption, shorten its duration, limit its impact on products and services, and provide for adequate resources.

Plan, implement and control the processes related to the SEUs that are needed to meet requirements and implement the actions of 6.2, by establishing criteria for the processes including effective operation and maintenance of facilities, equipment, systems and energy-using processes where their absence can lead to a significant deviation from intended energy performance; communicating the criteria to the relevant persons; implementing control in accordance with the criteria; and keeping documented information to have confidence the processes were carried out as planned. Control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, mitigating adverse effects; ensure outsourced SEUs or processes related to SEUs are controlled.

Consider energy performance improvement opportunities and operational control in the design of new, modified and renovated facilities, equipment, systems and energy-using processes that can significantly impact energy performance over their planned or expected operating lifetime; where applicable incorporate the results into specification, design and procurement activities; retain documented information of design activities related to energy performance.